In conventional automotive
fuel chains, gasoline and diesel are produced by
distillation of crude oil at the refinery. Ninety-nine
percent of the energy consumed in road transport is
based on the fossil fuel crude oil (IEA/AFIS, 1996). CO2
emissions not only result from automotive fuel combustion
on board the vehicle, but also from fuel extraction,
transport, production and distribution. In order to
accomplish a reduction in CO2 emissions, both the fuel
supply industry and the car manufacturing industry are
exploring alternative automotive fuels and technologies.