Thailand's population is rapidly ageing, unlike neighbouring countries such as Burma, Cambodia and Laos with more youthful populations that supply Thailand with much of its migrant labour workforce nowadays.
Thailand's working-age population is projected to shrink by 11% by 2040, the fastest of any ASEAN country.
Thailand's fertility rate dropped to 1.5 in 2013 from 5.6 in 1970 due, in part, to a successful contraception programme started in the 1970s.
More recently, a rising cost of living and education have made raising children a more expensive proposition.
Young people are also waiting longer to get married and have children.