Third, we assess the role of recognition versus disclosure.4
(Libby et al., 2006), we predict that audit fees are higher for fair values that are recognized
versus disclosed, consistent with auditors expending more effort to validate information
recognized in the primary financial statements. This test allows us to exploit the option under
IAS 40 for firms to elect recognition under the fair value model, or disclosure of fair values
under the cost model. This leads to our third hypothesis: