RESULTS
Preliminary note 1: To forestall an expected result, the experts were significantly more
successful than the novices. To be better able to interpret the results, I did not only look
at the totals of both groups but also at equally successful subgroups by comparing
arithmetical means of respective product categories (see Table 1).
Preliminary note 2: Ten of the 19 novices that worked the “Squares on a Chessboard”
task misinterpreted its formulation and answered “64 squares” within less than 3
minutes (no expert did). So to say, these pupils worked another task – a routine task –
that is solved quickly and without the need to use heuristics. To take this into account,