All catalysts prepared by the two-solvent method display
diffraction peaks corresponding to Co3O4 spinel. The intensity of
the peaks increases as the cobalt content increases, an indication
of the presence of larger cobalt oxide species. When comparing
SCo-10 and SCo-30 the latter showed narrower peaks with stronger
intensity, which is evidence for the formation of larger Co3O4 particles.
The size of the cobalt oxide nanoparticles was calculated using
the Debye–Scherrer formula from the full width at half maximum
(FWHM) of the (3 1 1) diffraction peak [17,48]. The average size of
the nanoparticles estimated from the FWHM is 9.6 nm, 12.16 nm
and 17.26 nm for SCo-5, SCo-10 and SCo-30, respectively. It can
be noted that the particle size is larger than the pore size of the
mesoporous silica calculated from N2 adsorption–desorption (see
below). This suggests thatthe crystals have grown in different adjacent
mesopores due to connections through silica walls
All catalysts prepared by the two-solvent method display
diffraction peaks corresponding to Co3O4 spinel. The intensity of
the peaks increases as the cobalt content increases, an indication
of the presence of larger cobalt oxide species. When comparing
SCo-10 and SCo-30 the latter showed narrower peaks with stronger
intensity, which is evidence for the formation of larger Co3O4 particles.
The size of the cobalt oxide nanoparticles was calculated using
the Debye–Scherrer formula from the full width at half maximum
(FWHM) of the (3 1 1) diffraction peak [17,48]. The average size of
the nanoparticles estimated from the FWHM is 9.6 nm, 12.16 nm
and 17.26 nm for SCo-5, SCo-10 and SCo-30, respectively. It can
be noted that the particle size is larger than the pore size of the
mesoporous silica calculated from N2 adsorption–desorption (see
below). This suggests thatthe crystals have grown in different adjacent
mesopores due to connections through silica walls
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