Fresh or stored bread samples were cut into cubes with the lengths of 2.5 × 2.5 cm and all texture measurements were carried out using a TA-XA2 Texture Analyser (Stable Micro System Co., Godalming, UK) with a 25 kg load cell. The settings for TPA curve were as follows: P30C cylinder probe (30 mm diameter), pre-test speed of 2 mm/s, test speed of 2 mm/s, post speed of 2 mm/s, compression distance of 50%. Each type of bread sample was individually measured in hexplicate for every two storage days.