ior to the intervention, participants who provided informed consent adhered to a 4-week adjustment diet that minimized intake of foods containing isoflavones. Following this, a 16 week intervention began. Groups of 20-25 participants began the study at the same start date (periods), and a new group of participants started every four weeks, creating five periods. Participants in each period were matched by age and IQ (assessed using the Shipley Institute of Living Scale) (46) and then randomized to one of three groups: 1) cow’s milk and placebo supplement (control); 2) soy milk and placebo supplement (soy milk); or 3) cow’s milk and isoflavone supplement (supplement). Only one participant was a regular consumer of soy, and was assigned to the soy milk group