The introduction of the automation has revolutionized
the manufacturing in which complex operations have been
broken down into simple step-by-step instruction that can be
repeated by a machine. In such a mechanism, the need for
the systematic assembly and inspection have been realized
in different manufacturing processes. These tasks have been
usually done by the human workers, but these types of
deficiencies have made a machine vision system more
attractive. Expectation from a visual system is to perform
the following operations: the image acquisition and
analysis, the recognition of certain features or objects
within that image, and the exploitation and imposition of
environmental constraints.
Scene constraint is the first consideration for the
machine vision system. The hardware for this sub-system
consists of the light source for the active imaging, and
required optical systems. Different lighting techniques such
as the structured lighting can be used for such purpose. The
process of vision system starts with the image acquiring in
which representation of the image data, image sensing and
digitization is accomplished. Image sensing is the next step
in order to obtain a proper image from the illuminated
scene. Digitization is the next process in which image
capturing and image display are accomplished. The last step
in this process is the image processing in which a more
suitable image is prepared [1]. The first aim of this article is
to show typical examples of the visions systems in the
automated manufacturing systems.