4.2Determination of Structural Components of Biomass and Saccharification
The structural sugar components (i.e., cellulose, hemicellulose) of all the raw biomasses were determined by the method described in the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) protocol and were found as follows (on dry basis (d.b.)): cellulose 44.46 ± 2% and hemicellulose 28.08 ± 2% for Areca nut husk; cellulose 51.56 ± 2% and hemicellulose 8.73 ± 2% for bon bogori; and cellulose 53.46 ± 2% and hemicellulose 6.37 ± 2% for moj. The compositions of biomass after the ultrasound assisted lime pretreatment (using the optimized conditions) were as follows: cellulose 51.82 ± 3% and hemicellulose 35.12 ± 2% for Areca nut husk; cellulose 76.81 ± 3% and hemicellulose 10.04 ± 1% for bon bogori; and cellulose 78.05 ± 0.5% and hemicellulose 8.41 ± 2% for moj. The results showed that the significant amount of increasing the total sugar density for all the lignocellulose biomass materials. The reduction of lignin concentration was depicted in Figure 4. The reduction of lignin ranges between 58% to 64%.