I. INTRODUCTION
This paper includes the basic understanding of QR code in the next section. Section III shows the comparison between one dimensional and two dimensional barcodes. Section IV includes the various examples of the use of QR codes. In section V, all different techniques of diverse fields that have been proposed by using QR code for the research is mentioned. Section VI is the conclusion.
II. UNDERSTANDING QR CODE
QR codes have already overtaken the popularity of classical barcode in many areas because of several advantages like increase in capacity, reduced size, etc. Combined with the diversity and extendibility offered, it makes the use of QR code more appealing than that of the barcodes. Statistically, QR codes are capable of symbolizing same amount of data in approximately one tenth the space of a traditional barcode. Information such as URL, SMS, contact information and plain text can be embedded into the two dimensional matrix. Moreover, with the explosive increment of the trend to use smartphones has also played an important role in the popularity of QR codes.
A. Architecture and Encoding
QR code is a two dimensional i.e. matrix type symbol with a cell architecture arranged in a square. Figure 1 shows the QR code architecture. QR codes consist of different areas that are reserved for specific purposes. Finder, separator, timing patterns and alignment patterns comprised function patterns. Function patterns shall not be used for the encoding data. The finder patterns located at three corners of the symbol intended to assist in easy location of its position, size and inclination.
The encode procedure of QR Code include following steps. Firstly input data is encoded in according to most efficient mode and formed bit stream. The bit streams are divided into codewords.
A barcode
exemplification of data relating to the object to which it is committed. Primitively barcodes represented data by varying the widths and spacings of parallel lines, and may be referred to as linear or one-dimensional. Later they evolved into rectangles, dots, hexagons and other geometric patterns in two dimensions. Albeit 2D systems use a variety of symbols, they are in general referred to as barcodes as well.
QR code stands for Quick Response Code, Which is the trademark for the type of matrix barcode which was invented by the Japanese corporation Denso Wave. QR code has a number of features such as large capacity data encoding, dirt and damage resistant, high speed reading, small print out size, 360 degree reading and structural flexibility of application.