Febrile neutropenia is the main treatment-related cause of mortality in cancer patients. During June 2012
to April 2014, 97 blood culture samples were collected from patients receiving chemotherapy for hematological
malignancy and cancer with febrile neutropenia episodes (FNEs). The samples were examined
for the presence of bacteria and fungi using real-time PCR amplification and sequencing of 16S and
18S rRNA genes.