Manufacturing firms operating in rapidly changing and highly competitive markets have embraced thecontinuous process improvement mindset. They have worked to improve quality, flexibility, and cus-tomer response time using the principles of Lean thinking. To reach its potential, lean must be adoptedas a holistic business strategy, rather than an activity isolated in operations. The lean enterprise calls forthe integration of lean practices across operations and other business functions. As a critical componentfor achieving financial control, management accounting practices (MAP) need to be adjusted to meet thedemands and objectives of lean organizations. Our aim is to help both researchers and practitioners bet-ter understand how lean MAP can support operations personnel with their internal decision making, andoperations executives and business leaders in their objective of increasing lean operations performanceas part of a holistic lean enterprise strategy. We use survey data from 244 U.S. manufacturing firms toconstruct a structural equation model. We document that the extent of lean manufacturing implementa-tion is associated with the use of lean MAP, and further that the lean MAP are related in a systematic way:simplified and strategically aligned MAP positively influences the use of value stream costing, which inturn positively influences the use of visual performance measures. We also find that the extent of leanmanufacturing practices is directly related to operations performance. More importantly, lean manu-facturing practices also indirectly affect operations performance through lean MAP. These findings areconsistent with the notion that lean thinking is a holistic business strategy. In order to derive the greatestimpact on performance, our results indicate that operations management cannot operate in a vacuum.Instead, operations and accounting personnel must partner with each other to ensure that lean MAP arestrategically integrated into the lean culture. In sum, lean MAP provide essential financial control thatintegrates with and supports operations to achieve desired benefits