In South Africa, this is explained by several factors, the first one being the lack of affirmation of public authorities in the field of urban planning for historical reasons. Secondly, urban governance is made more difficult by the superposition, confusion and even conflict between different levels of government corresponding to different spatial scales. However, since the transition period which followed the apartheid government (1995-2000), the municipal authorities, nevertheless, remain present in Johannesburg’s town planning, through their operational prerogatives but also by encouraging the emergence of a different type of actors, such as property developers like Propertuity.