This treatment procedure consists of the direct linkage of, and water recirculation between the intensive production ponds and treatment ponds. The effluent water of the production pond is retained in a basin for several hours to days to allow natural physical, chemical, and biological processes to improve its quality for reuse (Diab et al., 1992;Hargreaves, 2006). Important practical parameters in this system are the hydraulic retention times of the intensive fish culture unit and the treatment pond, homogeneous mixing of the treatment pond, and the periodic aeration of the pond sediment by drainage. The use of treatment ponds encounters problems due to algal collapse and anaerobiosis of the sediment (vanRijn, 1996). Themain disadvantage is the unstable purification resulting from unpredictable fluctuations of phytoplankton biomass and speciation in the treatment pond (Hargreaves, 2006). An important advantage is that the microalgae grown in the treatment pond can be used to produce a second crop, such as bivalve seed or Artemia, which can be sold to generate income(Wang, 2003).
This treatment procedure consists of the direct linkage of, and water recirculation between the intensive production ponds and treatment ponds. The effluent water of the production pond is retained in a basin for several hours to days to allow natural physical, chemical, and biological processes to improve its quality for reuse (Diab et al., 1992;Hargreaves, 2006). Important practical parameters in this system are the hydraulic retention times of the intensive fish culture unit and the treatment pond, homogeneous mixing of the treatment pond, and the periodic aeration of the pond sediment by drainage. The use of treatment ponds encounters problems due to algal collapse and anaerobiosis of the sediment (vanRijn, 1996). Themain disadvantage is the unstable purification resulting from unpredictable fluctuations of phytoplankton biomass and speciation in the treatment pond (Hargreaves, 2006). An important advantage is that the microalgae grown in the treatment pond can be used to produce a second crop, such as bivalve seed or Artemia, which can be sold to generate income(Wang, 2003).
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