determinate human superior is, sovereign in that society, and that society lincluding the superior) is a society political and independent. '?s Austin's doctrine of"sovereign' may be reduced to the following propositions: hat there is, in every political and independent community, some e person or persons who exercise sovereign power. Sovereign power is in every political society"as the centre of gravity in a mass of essential 26(ii) That the sovereign is a determinate person or body of persons. "He is not necessarily a single person: in the modern western world he is very rarely so: but he must have much of the attributes of a single person as to be determinate The so which there is a State for Austin is a legal order in determinate authority acting as the ultimate source of power. Sovereig therefore, neither resides in the general will as Rousseau conceived, nor in the mass of the people, nor in the electorate, as none of them is a determin body. Nor has the sovereignty of God or gods any significance in the business of the State. It is concerned with man and every State must have a determinate laws Superior who can ssue commands and create laws. Hence human