there are no effective therapies for threatened abortion. bed rest,although often prescribed,does not alter the course of threatened abortion.acetaminophen-based analgesia may be given to help relieve the pain.As discussed in chapter 10(see p. 259),vaginal sonography,serial serial serum quantita-tive human chorionic gonadotropin(HCG) levels,ang serum progesterone values,used alone or in various combinations,can help ascertain if the fetus is alive and its location.none of these tests,however,especially early in gastation,is 100 percent accurate to confirm fetal death:thus,repeat evalua-tions over 1or 2 weeks may be necessary. Ectopic pregnancy should always be considered in the differntial diagnosis of threatened abortion