In initial data analysis, prevalence rates of diarrhea
were calculated according to independent variables (region,
demographic and socioeconomic variables, characteristics
of the household environment, and maternal
and child characteristics). Measures of associations were
expressed as prevalence ratios (PR) and their corresponding
95% confidence intervals. Chi-square tests for
heterogeneity and Student’s t-tests for linear trend were
used to evaluate differences in proportions. Estimates
were corrected for the complex sampling design of the
study in order to obtain a stratified probabilistic sample
whose primary selection unit was village and the weights
of each participant were based on the relative size of
each stratum and the proportion of women and children
in the target population