However, with larger size of S, more wireless routers have the chance to directly connect with gateways. In other words, gateways are scattered in the network so that the average number of hops from a wireless client to a nearby gateway may decrease, which will benefit more from the wireless-optical-wireless communication mode introduced by the FiWi network, thus improving the network throughput significantly.
However, the network throughput is not so sensitive to the placement of gateways in the traditional WMN as shown in Fig. 8.