where L is the crystallite size, K aconstant(usually0.89),# the
wavelength of the X-ray radiation (0.15418 nm for Cu K!), ˇ the
line width at half-maximum height and " is the corresponding
diffraction angle in degrees.
Weight fractions of phase, estimated crystal size and surface
area from BET analysis of all N-doped TiO
samples are listed in
Table 1.Weight fractions of each phase and the crystal size of titania
powders changed greatly depending on nitrogen dopant. DEA
provided the smallest crystal size of anatase, whilst urea apparently
increasedthe crystal size of this phase. DEAcanreduce anatase crys-
2