Symmetric Key Cryptography can be separated into three
categories: (i) block ciphers, (ii) stream ciphers and (iii) hash
functions. Block ciphers with lightweight properties have
been proposed for AES and Data Encryption Standard (DES)
such as CLEFIA (Shirai et al., 2007) and PRESENT (Bogdanov
et al., 2007). Stream cipher algorithms with lightweight properties
have been proposed and developed in the ECTRYP II
eSTREAM portfolio (The eSTREAM Project, 2008). The hash
algorithm SHA-3 (Regenscheid et al., 2009) do not satisfy
lightweight requirements. Lightweight hash functions are
possible to construct based on lightweight block ciphers.