The genus Sterculia is represented by 200 species which are widespread mainly in tropical and
subtropical regions. Some of the Sterculia species are classified under different genera based
on special morphological features. These are Pterygota Schott & Endl., Firmiana Marsili,
Brachychiton Schott & Endl., Hildegardia Schott & Endl., Pterocymbium R.Br. and Scaphium
Schott & Endl. The genus Sterculia and the related genera contain mainly flavonoids, whereas
terpenoids, phenolic acids, phenylpropanoids, alkaloids, and other types of compounds
including sugars, fatty acids, lignans and lignins are of less distribution. The biological
activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities have
been reported for several species of the genus. On the other hand, there is confusion on the
systematic position and classification of the genus Sterculia. However, the wide range of the
reported flavonoids in the present review is quite significant and can act as a guide for further
studies from the chemosystematic point of view. Also the value of the genus Sterculia and
its related genera in the traditional medicine and their effective biological activities led to the
possibilities of finding new sources of drugs for prospect applications.
The genus Sterculia is represented by 200 species which are widespread mainly in tropical andsubtropical regions. Some of the Sterculia species are classified under different genera basedon special morphological features. These are Pterygota Schott & Endl., Firmiana Marsili,Brachychiton Schott & Endl., Hildegardia Schott & Endl., Pterocymbium R.Br. and ScaphiumSchott & Endl. The genus Sterculia and the related genera contain mainly flavonoids, whereasterpenoids, phenolic acids, phenylpropanoids, alkaloids, and other types of compoundsincluding sugars, fatty acids, lignans and lignins are of less distribution. The biologicalactivities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities havebeen reported for several species of the genus. On the other hand, there is confusion on thesystematic position and classification of the genus Sterculia. However, the wide range of thereported flavonoids in the present review is quite significant and can act as a guide for furtherstudies from the chemosystematic point of view. Also the value of the genus Sterculia andits related genera in the traditional medicine and their effective biological activities led to thepossibilities of finding new sources of drugs for prospect applications.
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