Extraction is central to further developing and processing NCC
into functional, high-value added materials, and, as such, attempts
to face the drawbacks in the conventional methodology, to reduce
the cost and enlarge the production are continuously reported in
the literature. In particular the reduction in the cost of NCC production
is often addressed, because it could increase the number
of markets appropriate for NCC applications. Some problems and
attempts to face them are discussed in the following sections.