Problems
It is very difficult to develop a vaccine for HIV, because HIV is a very different virus.
According to Dr. Anthony Fauci of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, there are several ways that HIV doesn’t fit normal vaccine paradigms:
The immune system of almost everyone is “blind” to HIV. Effective antibodies to the virus are rare.
Vaccines typically mimic the immune reaction of recovered patients – there are almost no patients who have recovered from HIV.
Vaccines protect against disease, not infection, and HIV has a long latent period before disease—AIDS—sets in.
Most vaccines are killed or weakened viruses: killed HIV is not effective at producing immune response, and any live form of the virus is too dangerous to use.
Vaccines are usually effective against diseases that are rarely encountered (diphtheria, hepatitis B). People in high-risk groups might be exposed to HIV daily.
A majority of vaccines protect from exposure through the respiratory or gastrointestinal system. HIV enters most often through genital surfaces or blood sharing.
Whereas most vaccines are tested thoroughly on animal models, there are no really good animal models for HIV/AIDS available.
ProblemsIt is very difficult to develop a vaccine for HIV, because HIV is a very different virus.According to Dr. Anthony Fauci of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, there are several ways that HIV doesn’t fit normal vaccine paradigms:The immune system of almost everyone is “blind” to HIV. Effective antibodies to the virus are rare.Vaccines typically mimic the immune reaction of recovered patients – there are almost no patients who have recovered from HIV.Vaccines protect against disease, not infection, and HIV has a long latent period before disease—AIDS—sets in.Most vaccines are killed or weakened viruses: killed HIV is not effective at producing immune response, and any live form of the virus is too dangerous to use.Vaccines are usually effective against diseases that are rarely encountered (diphtheria, hepatitis B). People in high-risk groups might be exposed to HIV daily.A majority of vaccines protect from exposure through the respiratory or gastrointestinal system. HIV enters most often through genital surfaces or blood sharing.Whereas most vaccines are tested thoroughly on animal models, there are no really good animal models for HIV/AIDS available.
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