The operating principle of the ESP is illustrated in Fig. 3. An industrial, single stage,
ESP consists of, high voltage, negatively charged (above −50 kV) discharge electrodes
placed between grounded collecting electrodes. The discharge electrodes are normally wires
or rods and the collecting electrodes are vertically hung plates. Under the influence of
corona, generated due to high negative voltage, dust particles get negatively charged, migrate
towards and get collected on the collecting electrodes. The path of the migrating particles
is normal to the gas flow. The forces acting on the migrating particle, namely electrical,
viscous, inertial and gravitational are indicated in the Fig. 3.