The NEP had as its objectives the reduction of poverty irrespective of
race and the restructuring of society by gradually eliminating ethnic
identification with economic functions. It was envisaged that NEP was
to be in operation for 20 years, from 1971 to 1990 and to form what was
later termed as the First Outline Perspective Plan. NEP was an “affirmative
action plan” that was said to be Malay biased. NEP was replaced by
the more inclusive National Development Policy (NDP) which lasted ten
years, dubbed as the Second Outline Perspective Plan. Development
strategies after the year 2000 came to be under the purview of National
Vision Plan, which ended in 2010. It formed the Third Outline Perspective
Plan. Beginning of 2011 saw Malaysia implementing the New Economic
Model, which formed the core of the 10th Malaysia Plan, the
same way NEP became the core of 2nd Malaysia Plan 40 years earlier.