superficial velocity (m/s)
molar volume of the solute at its normal boiling point (m3/mol)
limiting volume of water (m3/mol)
critical volume of water (m3/mol)
bed height (m)
specific surface (m2/m3)
parameter of the He–Yu equation
void volume fractionρdensity of water (kg/m3)
reduced density of the pure solvent at system temperature
association factor for the solvent
parameter of the He–Yu equation
viscosity (Pa s)