2.4. Disinfection and microbial control
The dilemma between effective disinfection and formation of
toxic disinfection by-products (DBPs) poses a great challenge
for the water industry. It is now well recognized that conventional
disinfectants, such as chlorine disinfectants and
ozone can form toxic DBPs (e.g., halogenated disinfection
byproducts, carcinogenic nitrosamines, bromate, etc.). UV
disinfection emerged as an alternative for oxidative disinfection
as it produces minimal DBPs, while it requires high
dosage for certain viruses (e.g., adenoviruses). These limitations
urge the development of alternative methods that can
enhance the robustness of disinfection while avoiding DBP
formation.
2.4. Disinfection and microbial controlThe dilemma between effective disinfection and formation oftoxic disinfection by-products (DBPs) poses a great challengefor the water industry. It is now well recognized that conventionaldisinfectants, such as chlorine disinfectants andozone can form toxic DBPs (e.g., halogenated disinfectionbyproducts, carcinogenic nitrosamines, bromate, etc.). UVdisinfection emerged as an alternative for oxidative disinfectionas it produces minimal DBPs, while it requires highdosage for certain viruses (e.g., adenoviruses). These limitationsurge the development of alternative methods that canenhance the robustness of disinfection while avoiding DBPformation.
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