Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Yitpi) was grown in the Australian Grains Free-Air Carbon dioxide Enrichment(AGFACE) facility under current ambient [CO2] (384 lmol mol1) and elevated [CO2](550 lmol mol1) in combination with two different times of sowing (TOS) to investigate the interactive effect of [CO2] and grain filling conditions on wheat grain quality.