The addition of charcoal (or biochar) to soil has significant carbon sequestration and agronomic potential, making it
important to determine how this potentially large anthropogenic carbon influx will alter ecosystem functions. We used
column experiments to quantify how hydrologic and nutrient-retention characteristics of three soil materials differed with
biochar amendment. We compared three homogeneous soil materials (sand, organic-rich topsoil, and clay-rich Hapludert)
to provide a basic understanding of biochar-soil-water interactions. On average, biochar amendment decreased saturated
hydraulic conductivity (K) by 92% in sand and 67% in organic soil, but increased K by 328% in clay-rich soil. The change in K
for sand was not predicted by the accompanying physical changes to the soil mixture; the sand-biochar mixture was less
dense and more porous than sand without biochar. We propose two hydrologic pathways that are potential drivers for this
behavior: one through the interstitial biochar-sand space and a second through pores within the biochar grains themselves.
This second pathway adds to the porosity of the soil mixture; however, it likely does not add to the effective soil K due to its
tortuosity and smaller pore size. Therefore, the addition of biochar can increase or decrease soil drainage, and suggests that
any potential improvement of water delivery to plants is dependent on soil type, biochar amendment rate, and biochar
properties. Changes in dissolved carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) fluxes also differed; with biochar increasing the C flux from
organic-poor sand, decreasing it from organic-rich soils, and retaining small amounts of soil-derived N. The aromaticity of C
lost from sand and clay increased, suggesting lost C was biochar-derived; though the loss accounts for only 0.05% of added
biochar-C. Thus, the direction and magnitude of hydraulic, C, and N changes associated with biochar amendments are soil
type (composition and particle size) dependent
The addition of charcoal (or biochar) to soil has significant carbon sequestration and agronomic potential, making itimportant to determine how this potentially large anthropogenic carbon influx will alter ecosystem functions. We usedcolumn experiments to quantify how hydrologic and nutrient-retention characteristics of three soil materials differed withbiochar amendment. We compared three homogeneous soil materials (sand, organic-rich topsoil, and clay-rich Hapludert)to provide a basic understanding of biochar-soil-water interactions. On average, biochar amendment decreased saturatedhydraulic conductivity (K) by 92% in sand and 67% in organic soil, but increased K by 328% in clay-rich soil. The change in Kfor sand was not predicted by the accompanying physical changes to the soil mixture; the sand-biochar mixture was lessdense and more porous than sand without biochar. We propose two hydrologic pathways that are potential drivers for thisbehavior: one through the interstitial biochar-sand space and a second through pores within the biochar grains themselves.This second pathway adds to the porosity of the soil mixture; however, it likely does not add to the effective soil K due to itstortuosity and smaller pore size. Therefore, the addition of biochar can increase or decrease soil drainage, and suggests thatany potential improvement of water delivery to plants is dependent on soil type, biochar amendment rate, and biocharคุณสมบัติ การเปลี่ยนแปลงในส่วนยุบคาร์บอน (C) และไนโตรเจน (N) fluxes ยังแตก ต่าง มี biochar เพิ่ม C ไหลจากทรายอินทรีย์ต่ำ ลดลงจากดินเนื้อปูนอินทรีย์ริช และรักษาเงิน N. มาดิน Aromaticity ของ Cหายไปจากทรายและดินเหนียวที่เพิ่มขึ้น แนะนำซีหายไปถูก biochar มา แม้ว่า บัญชีขาดทุนเพียง 0.05% เพิ่มbiochar C. ดังนั้น ทิศทางและขนาดของไฮดรอลิก C และ N เปลี่ยนแปลงสัมพันธ์กับ biochar แก้ไขเป็นดินพิมพ์ (ขนาดอนุภาคและองค์ประกอบ) ขึ้นอยู่กับ
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..