Fig. 6 compares the engine performance for ABE30, ABE29.5W0.5 and ABE29W1. Compared to the engine torque of
ABE30, ABE29.5W0.5 showed a similar value, while a 3.7% increase was observed with in ABE29W1. Ref. [52] also obtained an increased engine toque after adding water to butanol–gasoline blends.