(Fault situation 2) Assume the first actuator is outage and the second actuator has a loss of 80% effectiveness at t = 1 s, that is, u = (1, 0.8)T. The second fault situation is more serious than the first fault situation. The tracking results of the fault parameter θ are shown in Fig. 5. The actual feedback inputs uf are shown in Fig. 6 for both control schemes, and the black points denote the switchinginstants of ARF controllers. Fig. 7 shows the comparison of response curves of the pitch rate q(t) between ARF and SH.