Appendix III shows the Cronbach’s a coefficient of each indicator
and of the survey instrument as a whole. All but one of the
indicators achieved an a of 0.7 or greater, which suggests strong
internal consistency (Hinkin 1998). This is a very good result, indicating
the reliability of the tool and means that the items vary in
relation to each other and all appear to be measuring the same
concepts. However, the planning strategies indicator of the planning
factor achieved an a of 0.677, which is just below the suggested
level. Despite this, the planning strategies indicator has been retained
within the model and the survey tool because the literature strongly
suggests that planning plays a key role in organizations’ crisis
management (Hurley-Hanson 2006) and resilience (Carthey et al.
2001; Christopher and Peck 2004). In this instance, it is most likely
that, although the items used to measure planning strategies constitute
a unique indicator, the items are not as closely related
(Bunderson et al. 2000). In future research, it will be important to try
to strengthen this indicator and to investigate whether further items
could increase its reliability. The strengths of the indicators and the
instrument as a whole will also be significantly improved through
examining the internal structure of the indicators and whether some
are more influential on an organization’s resilience than others.
An understanding of the causal relationships, if any, between the
indicators is critical to understand how resilience emerges and to
further explore the business as usual benefits of resilience.
Appendix III shows the Cronbach’s a coefficient of each indicatorand of the survey instrument as a whole. All but one of theindicators achieved an a of 0.7 or greater, which suggests stronginternal consistency (Hinkin 1998). This is a very good result, indicatingthe reliability of the tool and means that the items vary inrelation to each other and all appear to be measuring the sameconcepts. However, the planning strategies indicator of the planningfactor achieved an a of 0.677, which is just below the suggestedlevel. Despite this, the planning strategies indicator has been retainedwithin the model and the survey tool because the literature stronglysuggests that planning plays a key role in organizations’ crisismanagement (Hurley-Hanson 2006) and resilience (Carthey et al.2001; Christopher and Peck 2004). In this instance, it is most likelythat, although the items used to measure planning strategies constitutea unique indicator, the items are not as closely related(Bunderson et al. 2000). In future research, it will be important to tryto strengthen this indicator and to investigate whether further itemscould increase its reliability. The strengths of the indicators and theinstrument as a whole will also be significantly improved throughexamining the internal structure of the indicators and whether someare more influential on an organization’s resilience than others.An understanding of the causal relationships, if any, between theindicators is critical to understand how resilience emerges and tofurther explore the business as usual benefits of resilience.
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