The Government Performance and Results Act (1993) required all agencies to not only state organizational goals and objectives in measurable terms, but also annually collect performance measurement and evaluation information as evidence of progress toward achieving those aims. All federal managers had to be able to communicate to Congress and the public what they were trying to accomplish, how they planned to achieve these ends, what indicators they would use to judge their performance, and how well they were doing with respect to anticipated results. A significant federal education action provided funds to public schools to reform their educational practices. But to receive the funds, the schools had to demonstrate that the reforms were proven practices – based on experimental control with comparisons to standards-based assessments.