Instructional design, which is regarded as a central practice in the educational
technology field, refers to the use of a systematic approach to the design and
development of instruction. The instructional design process typically includes
planning the instructional objectives, related content and activities, and
assessment prior to instruction or to the development of instructional programs.
There are, of course, many models of the instructional design and
development process including Dick, Carey, and Carey (2001), Gagne and
Briggs (1979), Morrison, Ross, and Kemp (2004), and Dick and Reiser (1989)