leaf water extract than cat fish. The neem leaf extract applications appeared to affect the abundance of the major crustacean zooplankton groups at all test concentrations. By the end of the sampling period, the abundance of copepods was low overall, but was lower than controls at all other treatment levels (Tables, 2 & 3). Significant treatment effects on zooplankton communities were detected at all test concentrations. Among adult and juvenile copepods, negative effects were evident at the lowest test concentration.
Fish exposed to higher concentration of the plant extract exhibited respiratory
distress, erratic swimming, off feed and nervous manifestations. Winkaler et al., (2007)
noticed that fish exposed to all neem extract concentrations exhibited damaged gill
and kidney tissue.