the analogies which ethics and political science may bear to the nature sciences, as well as the analogies of moral and political actions to artistic and technical productions, are prominent in the first discussions of virtue and political institutions.the early formulations of those likenesses lay the pattern for efforts, much repeated subsequently, to make morals and politics more certain by imitation of the methods of science or, conversely, to make science more practical and moral action more efficient by relating them to principles of operation suggested by the arts and crafts. As Aritotle tell the story, Socrates, the first philosopher to concern himself with problems of scienctific method, applied his speculations on method to morals rather than the natural sciences,