Chronobiology might sound a little futuristic – like something from a science fiction novel, perhaps – but it’s actually a field of study that concerns one of the oldest processes life on this planet has ever known: short-term rhythms of time and their effect on flora and fauna.
This can take many forms. Marine life, for example, is influenced by tidal patterns. Animals tend to be active or inactive depending on the position of the sun or moon. Numerous creatures, humans included, are largely diurnal – that is, they like to come out during the hours of sunlight. Nocturnal animals, such as bats and possums, prefer to forage by night. A third group are known as crepuscular: they thrive in the low-light of dawn and dusk and remain inactive at other hours.
When it comes to humans, chronobiologists are interested in what is known as the circadian rhythm. This is the complete cycle our bodies are naturally geared to undergo within the passage of a twenty-four hour day. Aside from sleeping at night and waking during the day, each cycle involves many other factors such as changes in blood pressure and body temperature. Not everyone has an identical circadian rhythm. ‘Night people’, for example, often describe how they find it very hard to operate during the morning, but become alert and focused by evening. This is a benign variation within circadian rhythms known as a chronotype.
Scientists have limited abilities to create durable modifications of chronobiological demands. Recent therapeutic developments for humans such as artificial light machines and melatonin administration can reset our circadian rhythms, for example, but our bodies can tell the difference and health suffers when we breach these natural rhythms for extended periods of time. Plants appear no more malleable in this respect; studies demonstrate that vegetables grown in season and ripened on the tree are far higher in essential nutrients than those grown in greenhouses and ripened by laser.
Knowledge of chronobiological patterns can have many pragmatic implications for our day-to-day lives. While contemporary living can sometimes appear to subjugate biology – after all, who needs circadian rhythms when we have caffeine pills, energy drinks, shift work and cities that never sleep? – keeping in synch with our body clock is important.
The average urban resident, for example, rouses at the eye-blearing time of 6.04 a.m., which researchers believe to be far too early. One study found that even rising at 7.00 a.m. has deleterious effects on health unless exercise is performed for 30 minutes afterward. The optimum moment has been whittled down to 7.22 a.m.; muscle aches, headaches and moodiness were reported to be lowest by participants in the study who awoke then.
Once you’re up and ready to go, what then? If you’re trying to shed some extra pounds, dieticians are adamant: never skip breakfast. This disorients your circadian rhythm and puts your body in starvation mode. The recommended course of action is to follow an intense workout with a carbohydrate-rich breakfast; the other way round and weight loss results are not as pronounced.
Morning is also great for breaking out the vitamins. Supplement absorption by the body is not temporal-dependent, but naturopath Pam Stone notes that the extra boost at breakfast helps us get energised for the day ahead. For improved absorption, Stone suggests pairing supplements with a food in which they are soluble and steering clear of caffeinated beverages. Finally, Stone warns to take care with storage; high potency is best for absorption, and warmth and humidity are known to deplete the potency of a supplement.
After-dinner espressos are becoming more of a tradition – we have the Italians to thank for that – but to prepare for a good night’s sleep we are better off putting the brakes on caffeine consumption as early as 3 p.m. With a seven hour half-life, a cup of coffee containing 90 mg of caffeine taken at this hour could still leave 45 mg of caffeine in your nervous system at ten o’clock that evening. It is essential that, by the time you are ready to sleep, your body is rid of all traces.
Evenings are important for winding down before sleep; however, dietician Geraldine Georgeou warns that an after-five carbohydrate-fast is more cultural myth than chronobiological demand. This will deprive your body of vital energy needs. Overloading your gut could lead to indigestion, though. Our digestive tracts do not shut down for the night entirely, but their work slows to a crawl as our bodies prepare for sleep. Consuming a modest snack should be entirely sufficient.
Chronobiology might sound a little futuristic – like something from a science fiction novel, perhaps – but it’s actually a field of study that concerns one of the oldest processes life on this planet has ever known: short-term rhythms of time and their effect on flora and fauna.This can take many forms. Marine life, for example, is influenced by tidal patterns. Animals tend to be active or inactive depending on the position of the sun or moon. Numerous creatures, humans included, are largely diurnal – that is, they like to come out during the hours of sunlight. Nocturnal animals, such as bats and possums, prefer to forage by night. A third group are known as crepuscular: they thrive in the low-light of dawn and dusk and remain inactive at other hours.When it comes to humans, chronobiologists are interested in what is known as the circadian rhythm. This is the complete cycle our bodies are naturally geared to undergo within the passage of a twenty-four hour day. Aside from sleeping at night and waking during the day, each cycle involves many other factors such as changes in blood pressure and body temperature. Not everyone has an identical circadian rhythm. ‘Night people’, for example, often describe how they find it very hard to operate during the morning, but become alert and focused by evening. This is a benign variation within circadian rhythms known as a chronotype.Scientists have limited abilities to create durable modifications of chronobiological demands. Recent therapeutic developments for humans such as artificial light machines and melatonin administration can reset our circadian rhythms, for example, but our bodies can tell the difference and health suffers when we breach these natural rhythms for extended periods of time. Plants appear no more malleable in this respect; studies demonstrate that vegetables grown in season and ripened on the tree are far higher in essential nutrients than those grown in greenhouses and ripened by laser.Knowledge of chronobiological patterns can have many pragmatic implications for our day-to-day lives. While contemporary living can sometimes appear to subjugate biology – after all, who needs circadian rhythms when we have caffeine pills, energy drinks, shift work and cities that never sleep? – keeping in synch with our body clock is important. The average urban resident, for example, rouses at the eye-blearing time of 6.04 a.m., which researchers believe to be far too early. One study found that even rising at 7.00 a.m. has deleterious effects on health unless exercise is performed for 30 minutes afterward. The optimum moment has been whittled down to 7.22 a.m.; muscle aches, headaches and moodiness were reported to be lowest by participants in the study who awoke then.Once you’re up and ready to go, what then? If you’re trying to shed some extra pounds, dieticians are adamant: never skip breakfast. This disorients your circadian rhythm and puts your body in starvation mode. The recommended course of action is to follow an intense workout with a carbohydrate-rich breakfast; the other way round and weight loss results are not as pronounced.Morning is also great for breaking out the vitamins. Supplement absorption by the body is not temporal-dependent, but naturopath Pam Stone notes that the extra boost at breakfast helps us get energised for the day ahead. For improved absorption, Stone suggests pairing supplements with a food in which they are soluble and steering clear of caffeinated beverages. Finally, Stone warns to take care with storage; high potency is best for absorption, and warmth and humidity are known to deplete the potency of a supplement.After-dinner espressos are becoming more of a tradition – we have the Italians to thank for that – but to prepare for a good night’s sleep we are better off putting the brakes on caffeine consumption as early as 3 p.m. With a seven hour half-life, a cup of coffee containing 90 mg of caffeine taken at this hour could still leave 45 mg of caffeine in your nervous system at ten o’clock that evening. It is essential that, by the time you are ready to sleep, your body is rid of all traces.Evenings are important for winding down before sleep; however, dietician Geraldine Georgeou warns that an after-five carbohydrate-fast is more cultural myth than chronobiological demand. This will deprive your body of vital energy needs. Overloading your gut could lead to indigestion, though. Our digestive tracts do not shut down for the night entirely, but their work slows to a crawl as our bodies prepare for sleep. Consuming a modest snack should be entirely sufficient.
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La cronobiologia potrebbe sembrare un po 'futuristico - come qualcosa da un romanzo di fantascienza scienza, forse - ma in realtà è un campo di studio che riguarda una delle più antiche di vita dei processi su questo pianeta abbia mai conosciuto: i ritmi a breve termine di tempo e il loro effetto sulla flora e fauna. Questo può assumere molte forme. Vita marina, per esempio, è influenzata da modelli di marea. Gli animali tendono ad essere attiva o inattiva a seconda della posizione del sole o della luna. Numerose creature, esseri umani compresi, sono in gran parte diurno - che è, a loro piace di uscire durante le ore di luce solare. Animali notturni, come i pipistrelli e opossum, preferiscono a foraggio di notte. Un terzo gruppo sono noti come crepuscolari: prosperano nel low-luce dell'alba e del tramonto e rimangono inattive in altri orari. Quando si tratta di esseri umani, chronobiologists sono interessati a quello che è conosciuto come il ritmo circadiano. Questo è il ciclo completo nostri corpi sono naturalmente orientati a subire entro il passaggio di un giorno venti-quattro un'ora. Oltre a dormire la notte e svegliarsi durante il giorno, ogni ciclo coinvolge molti altri fattori come i cambiamenti della pressione sanguigna e la temperatura corporea. Non tutti hanno un ritmo circadiano identica. 'Popolo della notte', per esempio, spesso descrivono il modo in cui è molto difficile operare durante la mattina, ma diventano attenti e concentrati per la sera. Questa è una variante benigna all'interno ritmi circadiani conosciuto come un cronotipo. Gli scienziati hanno abilità limitate di creare modifiche durevoli richieste cronobiologici. I recenti sviluppi terapeutici per gli esseri umani come macchine di luce artificiale e somministrazione di melatonina può ripristinare i nostri ritmi circadiani, per esempio, ma il nostro corpo può dire la differenza e la salute soffre quando violiamo questi ritmi naturali per lunghi periodi di tempo. Le piante non compaiono più malleabile al riguardo; studi dimostrano che le verdure coltivate in stagione e maturate sull'albero sono di gran lunga più elevato in sostanze nutritive essenziali rispetto a quelli coltivati in serra e maturata con il laser. La conoscenza dei modelli cronobiologici può avere molte implicazioni pragmatiche per la nostra vita giorno per giorno. Mentre vivere contemporaneo a volte può apparire di soggiogare biologia - dopo tutto, chi ha bisogno di ritmi circadiani quando abbiamo pillole di caffeina, bevande energetiche, il lavoro a turni e le città che non dormono mai? - Tenendo in sintonia con il nostro orologio biologico è importante. Il residente urbano medio, ad esempio, suscita al tempo-occhio blearing di 06:04, che i ricercatori ritengono di essere troppo presto. Uno studio ha scoperto che anche l'aumento alle ore 7.00 ha effetti deleteri sulla salute a meno che non si esegue l'esercizio per 30 minuti dopo. Il momento ottimale è stato ridotto a 7:22; dolori muscolari, mal di testa e sbalzi d'umore sono stati segnalati per essere più basso dai partecipanti allo studio che si svegliò allora. Una volta che sei e pronto ad andare, che cosa poi? Se stai cercando di perdere qualche chilo di troppo, dietologi sono irremovibile: non saltare la prima colazione. Questo disorienta il ritmo circadiano e mette il corpo in modalità di fame. Il corso consigliato di azione è quello di seguire un allenamento intenso con una colazione ricca di carboidrati; viceversa ed i risultati di perdita di peso non sono così marcate. La mattina è grande anche per scoppiare le vitamine. Supplemento assorbimento da parte del corpo non è temporale-dipendente, ma naturopata Pam pietra rileva che la spinta in più a colazione aiuta a ottenere eccitato per la giornata. Per migliorare l'assorbimento, Pietra suggerisce integratori abbinamento con un alimento in cui sono solubili ed evitando di bevande contenenti caffeina. Infine, pietra avverte di fare attenzione con stoccaggio; . elevata potenza è la cosa migliore per l'assorbimento, e il calore e l'umidità sono noti per esaurire la potenza di un supplemento Dopo cena espressi stanno diventando sempre più di una tradizione - abbiamo gli italiani per ringraziare per questo - ma per preparare per dormire bene la notte di noi sono meglio mettere i freni sul consumo di caffeina più presto 03:00 Con una vita media sette ore, una tazza di caffè contenente 90 mg di caffeina preso a quest'ora potrebbe ancora lasciare 45 mg di caffeina nel vostro sistema nervoso alle dieci ' orologio che sera. E 'essenziale che, per il momento si è pronti a dormire, il vostro corpo è liberarsi di tutte le tracce. Le serate sono importanti per sgoccioli prima di dormire; tuttavia, dietista Geraldine Georgeou avverte che un dopo-cinque carboidrato-veloce è il mito più culturale rispetto alla domanda cronobiologico. Ciò priverà il corpo del fabbisogno di energia vitale. Sovraccarico vostro intestino potrebbe portare a indigestione, però. I nostri tubi digerenti non vengono arrestati per la notte del tutto, ma il loro lavoro viene messo in ginocchio come i nostri corpi preparano per il sonno. Consumare un modesto spuntino dovrebbe essere del tutto sufficiente.
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