We have established a theoretical model of the PV–TE hybrid
system. Important performances and optimal performance characteristics
of the hybrid system are revealed. Optimum operating
regions of the maximum efficiency and power output of the hybrid
system are determined. Influences of the solar irradiance, load
resistances and structure parameter of the TEG on the performance
of the hybrid system are analyzed in detail. Compared with the
conventional PV system, the PV–TEG hybrid system has advantages
of increasing the electric power output, improving the conversion
efficiency of solar energy, and reducing the emission of
lower quality waste heat. The results obtained here will provide
useful information for the optimal design of real hybrid systems
driven by solar energy.