Windows
Window orientation, layout and
performance are important in passive solar
design. The goal is to provide an
appropriate amount of window area in the
right place. Where there is no fenestration,
a conventional insulated wall is a solar
barrier, transmitting little energy to the
inside.
Window sizing
There are two ways to quantify a building's
south-facing glass.
It can be calculated as a percentage of the
total area of the south-facing exterior
wall—of limited use because it is not
affected by what goes on beyond the
wall—or as a percentage of heated floor
area—which accounts for the volume of
the building.
A typical passive solar-heated building may
have south-facing glazing equal to 10 to 15
per cent of the heated floor area. As the
area of south glass increases, the amount
of mass inside must also increase. The
Advanced Buildings Technologies and
Practices website, at
http://www.advancedbuildings.org,
recommends a window-to-exterior wall
area ratio (WWR) of 25 to 35 per cent,
similar to a typical MURB.
WWR may increase with proper control of
solar gains (for example, with motorized
shading) and transfer of excess energy to
north-facing zones. This could possibly
approach 50 per cent when a large atrium
is included with adequate thermal storage
Windows
Window orientation, layout and
performance are important in passive solar
design. The goal is to provide an
appropriate amount of window area in the
right place. Where there is no fenestration,
a conventional insulated wall is a solar
barrier, transmitting little energy to the
inside.
Window sizing
There are two ways to quantify a building's
south-facing glass.
It can be calculated as a percentage of the
total area of the south-facing exterior
wall—of limited use because it is not
affected by what goes on beyond the
wall—or as a percentage of heated floor
area—which accounts for the volume of
the building.
A typical passive solar-heated building may
have south-facing glazing equal to 10 to 15
per cent of the heated floor area. As the
area of south glass increases, the amount
of mass inside must also increase. The
Advanced Buildings Technologies and
Practices website, at
http://www.advancedbuildings.org,
recommends a window-to-exterior wall
area ratio (WWR) of 25 to 35 per cent,
similar to a typical MURB.
WWR may increase with proper control of
solar gains (for example, with motorized
shading) and transfer of excess energy to
north-facing zones. This could possibly
approach 50 per cent when a large atrium
is included with adequate thermal storage
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