More recently, Shrock and Coscarelli (2007) developed a 13-step systematic model to
follow when designing CRT for certification or mastery purposes (see Figure 1). While their
work focuses on the technical and legal guidelines for corporate training and certification, the
process is one that could crossover into developing cognitive and performance tests in the
educational field. By changing step one from analyze job content to analyze curriculum content,
their version of the criterion-referenced process for corporate certification is adapted to meet the
needs of educational certification.