The temperature–time combinations for disinfestation
protocols are determined on the basis of lethality to all
stages of the pest life cycle. For instance, Indian mangoes are
required to undergo pre-export VHT with fruit core temperature
P47.5 C for P20 min for Japan (APEDA, 2007), 46.5 C for
30 min or 47.5 C for 20 min for Australia (Biosecurity Australia,
2011), and P48.0 C for P20 min for New Zealand