The conclusion of contemporary consent theory's seem to be that virtually no states satisfy the account’s conditions for full legitimacy. It is simply about few people, ‘naturalized’ citizens and officials aside, have explicitly or tacitly consented to their state. It is implausible to interpret voting in democratic elections as expressing the requisite consent, and mere residence and the like do not seem to be the sort of engagements of the will required by concept theories for obligation. Consequently, most people may not have the general obligation to obey the laws of their states that they are commonly to have.