From the present study, it can be concluded that the X-ray transmission method is effective for imaging metaltransfer process in underwater wet welding. A mixed repelled globular transfer and short circuit transfer with average transfer frequency of 4.3 Hz is observed with arc voltage of 24 V and welding current of 240 A.
The electromagnetic force, vaporization force, surface tension resultant force and gas flow drag force acts as retention forces, which results the repelled transfer mode occupying about 90% time of droplet transfer.