(5) Conducting the field research.
(6) Data documentation and coding.
(7) Data analysis, hypothesis development and testing.
When to use case research
A case study is a history of a past or current phenomenon, drawn from multiple sources of
evidence. It can include data from direct observation and systematic interviewing as well as
from public and private archives. In fact, any fact relevant to the stream of events describing
the phenomenon is a potential datum in a case study, since context is important (Leonard-
Barton, 1990).
A case study is a unit of analysis in case research. It is possible to use different
cases from the same firm to study different issues, or to research the same issue
in a variety of contexts in the same firm. Case research is the method that uses
cases studies as its basis. Meredith (1998) cites three outstanding strengths of
case research put forward by Bebensat et al. (1987):
(1) The phenomenon can be studied in its natural setting and meaningful,
relevant theory generated from the understanding gained through
observing actual practice.
(2) The case method allows the questions of why, what and how, to be
answered with a relatively full understanding of the nature and
complexity of the complete phenomenon.
(3) The case method lends itself to early, exploratory investigations where
the variables are still unknown and the phenomenon not at all understood.
There are many methods available for the operations management researcher,
for example Wacker (1998) contrasts the case method with analytical
conceptual methods: ``. . . the key difference . . . is that the empirical case study
method uses data to form the theory, and the analytical conceptual method uses
deduction to form theories’’. Case studies can be used for different types of
research purposes such as exploration, theory building, theory testing and
theory extension/refinement (see Table I).
Exploration
In the early stages of many research programmes, exploration is needed to
develop research ideas and questions. Many doctoral theses begin with one or
more case studies in order to generate a list of research questions that are worth
pursuing further (e.g. Frohlich, 1998).
Theory building
A particular area where cases are strong is theory building. ``Nothing is so
practical as a good theory’’ (Van De Ven, 1989). Theory can be considered as
being made up of four components: definitions of terms or variables, a domain
± the exact setting in which the theory can be applied, a set of relationships and
specific predictions (Wacker, 1998).
(5) Conducting the field research.
(6) Data documentation and coding.
(7) Data analysis, hypothesis development and testing.
When to use case research
A case study is a history of a past or current phenomenon, drawn from multiple sources of
evidence. It can include data from direct observation and systematic interviewing as well as
from public and private archives. In fact, any fact relevant to the stream of events describing
the phenomenon is a potential datum in a case study, since context is important (Leonard-
Barton, 1990).
A case study is a unit of analysis in case research. It is possible to use different
cases from the same firm to study different issues, or to research the same issue
in a variety of contexts in the same firm. Case research is the method that uses
cases studies as its basis. Meredith (1998) cites three outstanding strengths of
case research put forward by Bebensat et al. (1987):
(1) The phenomenon can be studied in its natural setting and meaningful,
relevant theory generated from the understanding gained through
observing actual practice.
(2) The case method allows the questions of why, what and how, to be
answered with a relatively full understanding of the nature and
complexity of the complete phenomenon.
(3) The case method lends itself to early, exploratory investigations where
the variables are still unknown and the phenomenon not at all understood.
There are many methods available for the operations management researcher,
for example Wacker (1998) contrasts the case method with analytical
conceptual methods: ``. . . the key difference . . . is that the empirical case study
method uses data to form the theory, and the analytical conceptual method uses
deduction to form theories’’. Case studies can be used for different types of
research purposes such as exploration, theory building, theory testing and
theory extension/refinement (see Table I).
Exploration
In the early stages of many research programmes, exploration is needed to
develop research ideas and questions. Many doctoral theses begin with one or
more case studies in order to generate a list of research questions that are worth
pursuing further (e.g. Frohlich, 1998).
Theory building
A particular area where cases are strong is theory building. ``Nothing is so
practical as a good theory’’ (Van De Ven, 1989). Theory can be considered as
being made up of four components: definitions of terms or variables, a domain
± the exact setting in which the theory can be applied, a set of relationships and
specific predictions (Wacker, 1998).
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