Watercourse States shall in their respective territories utilize an international watercourse in an
equitable and reasonable manner. In particular, an international watercourse shall be used and developed
by watercourse States with a view to attaining optimal and sustainable utilization thereof and benefits
therefrom, taking into account the interests of the watercourse States concerned, consistent with
adequate protection of the watercourse.
2.Watercourse States shall participate in the use, development and protection of an interna tional
watercourse in an equitable and reasonable manner. Such participation includes both the right to utilize
the watercourse and the duty to cooperate in the protection and development thereof, as provided in the
present Convention.