In 2010, the share of public financing sources was around 60-75 percent of THE,
nongovernment sources the balance. Household out-of-pocket payments accounted for 14–30
percent of THE.1 Copayments are not required under the three programs when patients get
health services at his or her registered health facilities or via the referral mechanism. Patients going directly to nonregistered facilities without referral pay full charge. Every income group has spent less on household catastrophic health expenditure over time. In 2008 the poor faced a smaller catastrophic incidence (2.8 percent of total households in the poorest quintile) than the rich (3.7 percent in the richest quintile) (HISRO 2012). As a customary practice, patients may offer "gifts" to physicians in particular for delivering a baby, but this is not practiced with other categories of health workers. Unofficial billing to patients is prohibited and thus illegal. Health workers in public hospitals, as civil servants, are prohibited to do it.