To monitor unsafe driving, the driving maneuvers are broken down into 4 categories which are (1) rapid acceleration, (2) sudden brake, (3) rapid turning and (4) fast lane change [1]. Furthermore, the acceleration and brake can be determined from longitudinal acceleration while the turning and lane change can be measured from lateral acceleration. In addition, the lateral acceleration is vital parameter to monitor the vehicle’s tendency to roll-over.
Normally, IMU has been designated to get those data. However, by experiences, the IMU is not convenience to install in the vehicles especially as aftermarket parts. Furthermore, GNSS positioning information can also be used for other purposes such as navigation and monitoring of location based speed limits.