But many studies have pointed out that these benefits are often outweighed by the disadvantages, such as mass displacement and environmental costs. The report “Social Impacts of Brazil’s Turucui Dam”, published in the Environmental Management journal in 1999, found that there had been a systematic overestimation of the benefits and an underestimation of impact on people and the environment. For example, the author described how the Turucui dam displaced large numbers of people without adequate compensation and reduced downstream fish catches so much that the fish-dependent economy of Cameta collapsed.