Ce
qe
=
1
qmax
Ce+
1
KLqmax
(10)
where qe (mg g
−1
) is the adsorption capacity at equilibrium, qmax
(mg g
−1
) is the maximum adsorption capacity, Ce (mg L
−1
) is the
equilibrium concentration of MB in solution, and KL(L mg−1
) is the
effective dissociation constant.
The Freundlich isotherm (Fig. 6b), which describes the adsorp-tion process on energetically heterogeneous surfaces, can be
written using the following linearized equation