After separating the forwarding, control and management functions by introducing the three networks, the three networks can interact with each other through open standardized network protocols.
Each network can individually be upgraded and maintained. Many new network functions can be added to one of the three networks without the other two networks being changed.
Thus the capability for network reconfiguration can be improved, and it is easier to support new applications.
The 3N architecture reduces the complexity of the network upgrade and maintenance and increases network maintainability. It enables the forwarding, control and management planes to evolve and scale independently, and notably decreases the cost of the data plane elements.